Ohlelweni lwezindleko zokusebenza kwenkundla yegalofu,izinqola zegalofungokuvamile yizona ezibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa futhi ezicatshangelwa kabi kalula, ukutshalwa kwezimali. Izifundo eziningi zigxila “emananini enqola” lapho uthenga amakalishi, zinganaki izici ezibalulekile ezinquma izindleko zesikhathi eside—ukunakekela, amandla, ukuphatha kahle, ukulahlekelwa isikhathi sokuphumula, kanye nenani lomjikelezo wokuphila.
Lezi zinto ezinganakiwe zivame ukubiza kakhulu kuneizinqolangokwabo, futhi ingaba nomthelela ngokuqondile ekuhlangenwe nakho kwamalungu, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nenzuzo yesikhathi eside.
Lesi sihloko sifingqa5 izingibe ezinkulu "zezindleko ezifihliwe".ukusiza abaphathi bezifundo benze izinqumo zesayensi kanye nezibanzi lapho behlela, bethenga, futhi besebenzisa izinqola zegalofu.
I-Pitfall 1: Ukugxila Kuphela Enani Lenqola, Ukuziba “Izindleko Eziphelele Zobunikazi”
Izifundo eziningi ziqhathanisa kuphela amanani enqola phakathi nesigaba sokuthenga, ukuziba izindleko zokunakekela, ukusimama, kanye nenani lokuthengisa kabusha esikhathini esiyiminyaka emi-5-8.
Eqinisweni, izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi (i-TCO) zekalishi legalofu lidlula kude inani lokuthenga lokuqala.
Izindleko ezivame ukunganakwa zihlanganisa:
Umehluko emvamisa yokushintshanisa ngenxa yempilo yebhethri ehlukahlukene
Ukuthembeka kwezingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana nezinjini, izilawuli, namabhuleki
Umthelela wokushisela uhlaka kanye nezinqubo zokudweba ekuqineni
Inani lokuthengisa kabusha (liboniswa lapho kubuyiselwa inqola eqashiwe noma kuthuthukiswa iqembu)
Ngokwesibonelo:
Izinqola zegalofu ze-lead-asidi ezishibhile zingase zidinge ukushintshwa kwebhethri njalo eminyakeni emi-2, okuholela ezindlekweni ezikhulayo ezikhulayo.
Izinqola zegalofu ezikhiqizwa kabi ziqala ukuzwa ukulungiswa okubanzi ngemva kweminyaka engu-3-4 yokusetshenziswa, okuholela ekwenyukeni okukhulu kwezindleko zesikhathi sokuphumula.
Ngenkathi izinqola zegalofu zebhethri ze-lithium-ion zinenani eliphezulu lokuqala, zingasetshenziswa isilinganiso seminyaka engu-5-8, okuholela enanini eliphezulu eliyinsalela.
Iseluleko sika-Tara: Lapho ukhetha inqola yegalofu, hlala ubale inani lezindleko esikhathini esiyiminyaka emi-5, kunokuba udukiswe isisho sokuqala.
I-Pitfall 2: Ukuziba Ukuphathwa Kwebhethri - Izindleko Ezifihlwe Ezibiza Kakhulu
Izindleko eziyinhloko zenqola yegalofu ibhethri, ikakhulukazi emaqenjini asebenza ngogesi.
Izifundo zegalofu eziningi zenza amaphutha okusebenza alandelayo:
Ukushaja ngaphansi kwesikhathi eside noma ukushaja ngokweqile
Ukungabi neshejuli yokushaja engaguquki
Ukwehluleka ukwengeza amanzi kumabhethri aneasidi yomthofu njengoba kudingeka
Ukuhluleka ukulandelela nokurekhoda izinga lokushisa lebhethri nokubala komjikelezo
Ukusetha kabusha amabhethri kuphela uma efika ku-5-10%
Le mikhuba inciphisa ngokuqondile ukuphila kwebhethri ngo-30-50%, futhi ingaholela ngisho nasekulahlekelweni kokusebenza, ukwehluleka okuphelele kwebhethri, nezinye izinkinga.
Okubaluleke nakakhulu: Ukuwohloka kwebhethri ngaphambi kwesikhathi = ukwehla okuqondile kwe-ROI.
Isibonelo, amabhethri e-lead-acid:
Kufanele ibe nempilo ejwayelekile yeminyaka emi-2
Kodwa ungasebenziseki ngemva konyaka owodwa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele
Inkundla yegalofu kufanele iwashintshe kabili eminyakeni emibili, iphinde kabili izindleko.
Nakuba amabhethri e-lithium ehlala isikhathi eside, ngaphandle kokuqapha kwe-BMS, isikhathi sawo sokuphila singafinyezwa ngenxa yokukhishwa okujulile ngokweqile.
Izincomo zikaTara: Sebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium ane-BMS ehlakaniphile, njengalawo asetshenziswa ezinqoleni zegalofu ze-Tara; futhi usungule “uhlelo lokuphatha ukushaja oluhlelekile.” Lokhu kubiza kakhulu kunokwengeza abasebenzi abangu-1-2.
I-Pitfall 3: Ukuziba Izindleko Zesikhathi Sokuphumula - Kubiza Kakhulu Kunezindleko Zokulungisa
Yini imidlalo yegalofu ezesaba kakhulu ngezikhathi zonyaka eziphakeme kakhulu? Hhayi izinqola zegalofu eziphukile, kodwa "ziningi kakhulu" izinqola eziphukile.
Yonke inqola ephukile iholela ku:
Ukwenyuka kwezikhathi zokulinda
Ukuncipha komthamo wezifundo (ukulahlekelwa yimali engenayo ngqo)
Umuzwa ongemuhle welungu, onomthelela ekuthengeni okuphindayo noma ukuvuselelwa kwemali yonyaka
Ingase ibangele izikhalazo noma ukubambezeleka komcimbi phakathi nemiqhudelwano
Ezinye izifundo zize ziphathe “inombolo yezinqola” njengokujwayelekile:
Iqembu lezinqola ezingama-50, ezinama-5-10 ahlala elungiswa
Ukutholakala kwangempela cishe ku-80%
Ukulahlekelwa kwesikhathi eside kunezindleko zokulungisa
Izinkinga eziningi zesikhathi sokuphumula zibangelwa:
Ikhwalithi yengxenye enganele
Impendulo ehamba kancane ngemva kokuthengisa
Ukunikezwa kwezingxenye ezisele ezingazinzile
Iseluleko sika-Tara: Khetha amabhrendi anamaketanga asele akhulile, amasistimu aphelele angemuva kokuthengisa, kanye nempahla yasendaweni eyisipele; amanani okungasebenzi azoncishiswa kakhulu.
Lesi futhi ngesinye sezizathu ezibalulekile ezenza uTara asayine amadeli endawo amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Ugibe 4: Ukungabukeli phansi Ivelu “Yokuphatha Okukhaliphile”
Izifundo zegalofu eziningi zibheka i-GPS nezinhlelo zokuphatha izimoto “njengemihlobiso ozikhethela yona,”
kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi: Izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile zithuthukisa ngokuqondile ukusebenza kahle kwemikhumbi futhi zinciphise izindleko zokuphatha.
Amasistimu okuphatha ahlakaniphile angaxazulula:
Ukushayela okungagunyaziwe kwezinqola zegalofu ngale kwezindawo eziqokiwe
Abadlali abaphambukayo okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kahle
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinqola zegalofu ezindaweni eziyingozi njengamahlathi namachibi
Ukweba, ukusetshenziswa kabi, noma ukupaka okungahleliwe ebusuku
Ukungakwazi ukulandelela ngokunembile impilo yebhethri/isibalo somjikelezo
Ukungakwazi ukwaba amakalishi angasebenzi
"Ukunciphisa nje ukuphambuka kanye nemayela elingadingekile" kunganweba impilo yesondo kanye nokulengiswa ngesilinganiso esingu-20-30%.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ze-GPS zivumela abaphathi ukuthi:
Khiya ukude izinqola
Gada amazinga ebhethri esikhathi sangempela
Bala ngokuzenzakalelayo imvamisa yokusetshenziswa
Dala izinhlelo zokushaja nezokulungisa ezinengqondo
Inani elethwa amasistimu ahlakaniphile ngokuvamile lingabuyiselwa phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa.
Umgodi wesi-5: Ukuziba Isevisi Yangemuva Kokuthengisa kanye Nesivinini Sokuphendula
Izifundo eziningi zegalofu ekuqaleni zikholelwa ukuthi:
"Isevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa ingalinda; intengo iyona ehamba phambili manje."
Kodwa-ke, opharetha beqiniso bayazi: Isevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa yeizinqola zegalofuisikhathi sokuchithwa kwamanzi ngenani lomkhiqizo.
Izinkinga ezibangelwa isevisi engakafiki ngemuva kokuthengisa zihlanganisa:
Inqola ephuka izinsuku noma amasonto
Izinkinga eziqhubekayo ezingaxazululeki ngokuphelele
Ilinde isikhathi eside izingxenye ezishintshayo
Izindleko zokulungisa ezingalawuleki
Izinqola ezinganele ngezikhathi eziphakeme eziholela ezinxushunxushwini zokusebenza
Impumelelo kaTara ezimakethe eziningi zaphesheya ingenxa yokuthi:
Amadeli agunyaziwe emakethe yasendaweni
I-inventory yezingxenye ezisele ezakhelwe wena
Ochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe kakhulu
Ukusabela okusheshayo ezinkingeni zangemva kokuthengisa
Ukuhlinzeka ngezeluleko zokuphatha ezinkundleni zegalofu, hhayi nje izinsiza zokulungisa
Kubaphathi benkundla yegalofu, leli nani lesikhathi eside libaluleke kakhulu kunokuthi “uphishekele inani eliphansi kakhulu.”
Ukubona Izindleko Ezifihliwe Kuyisihluthulelo Sokonga Ngempela Imali
Ukuthenga ainqola yegalofuakuwona utshalomali lwesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa iphrojekthi yokusebenza ethatha iminyaka engu-5-8.
Amasu okuphatha imikhumbi amahle kakhulu kufanele agxile kulokhu:
Ukuqina kwenqola yesikhathi eside
Impilo yebhethri nokuphathwa
Isikhathi sokuphumula kanye ne-supply chain
Amakhono okuthumela ahlakaniphile
Ngemuva kokuthengisa uhlelo nokusebenza kahle kokulungiswa
Ngokucabangela lezi zindleko ezifihliwe, inkundla yegalofu ngokwemvelo izokwenza izilungiselelo ezifanele, ifinyelele ukusebenza kahle okuphakeme, ukuncipha kokutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside, kanye nolwazi lwamalungu oluzinzile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-03-2025
