Ngokuthandwa kwemiqondo yohambo oluluhlaza kanye nentuthuko esimeme, izinqola zegalofu zikagesi seziphenduke isizinda esibalulekile esisekela izifundo zegalofu emhlabeni jikelele. Njengoba "inhliziyo" yemoto yonke, ibhethri inquma ngokuqondile ukukhuthazela, ukusebenza nokuphepha. Kusukela ebhethrini lokuqala le-asidi yomthofu kuya ebhethrini elivamile le-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), ukuvela kobuchwepheshe kuthuthukise kakhulu ulwazi lokusebenzisa kanye nokusebenza kahle kwekalishi legalofu. Lesi sihloko sizogxila ezinzuzweni ze-LiFePO4 uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lead-asidi endabuko mayelana nokuphepha, impilo yomjikelezo, ukuminyana kwamandla, ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa kanye nesivinini sokushaja.
Imikhawulo yamabhethri e-lead-acid
Amabhethri aneasidi yomthofu ake asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinqoleni zegalofu ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi kanye nobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe. Kodwa-ke, banamabhodlela amaningi: ayasinda futhi athatha indawo enkulu, okuholela ekwehleni kolwazi lokulawula imoto yonke; banezidingo eziphezulu zesondlo futhi badinga ukwengezwa njalo ngamanzi a-distilled, ngaphandle kwalokho bathambekele ku-sulfation futhi banciphise ukuphila kwabo. Ukwengeza, impilo yomjikelezo wamabhethri e-lead-acid ngokuvamile iba izikhathi ezingaba ngu-300-500, futhi ukushintshwa njalo kwandisa izindleko zokusebenzisa isikhathi eside.
Izinzuzo LiFePO4 Amabhethri
Ukuphepha
Amabhethri e-LiFePO4 anokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu kokushisayo namakhemikhali, awathambekele ekubalekeni okushisayo noma ekushiseni, futhi anobungani bemvelo futhi awanabo ubuthi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezingavamile ezifana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma isifunda esifushane, imajini yokuphepha ye-LiFePO4 idlula kude leyo yezinye izinhlelo zebhethri ye-lithium, futhi inganikeza iziqinisekiso ezithembeke kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwezinqola zegalofu.
Cycle Life
Impilo yomjikelezo wamabhethri e-LiFePO4 iphakeme kakhulu kunaleyo yamabhethri e-lead-acid. Ngokuvamile, izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-2,000, futhi imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu ingafinyelela ngisho nezikhathi ezingu-3,000-5,000, okusho ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo iminyaka engu-5-10 ngaphansi kwesimo sokukhishwa okujulile kanye ngosuku. Ngokuphambene, amandla amabhethri e-lead-asidi azobola abe ngaphansi kuka-80% womthamo wangempela ngemva kwemijikelezo engu-500, edinga ukushintshwa kaningi, futhi akhuphule kakhulu izindleko zokunakekela kanye nokulahlekelwa isikhathi sokuphumula.
Ukuminyana kwamandla
Ukuminyana kwamandla kuyinkomba ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe bebhethri. Ngamandla afanayo, isisindo sebhethri ye-LiFePO4 singaba ngu-1/3 kuphela webhethri le-lead-acid, futhi ivolumu imayelana ne-1/2, enciphisa kakhulu isisindo semoto futhi ithuthukise ibanga lokushayela kanye nomthamo wemoto. Ukwengeza, ukujula okuphezulu kokukhishwa (i-DoD ingafinyelela ku-80-100%) kwenza izinga lokusebenzisa amandla elisebenzayo libe phezulu, kuyilapho i-DoD efanelekile yebhethri le-asidi yomthofu ilinganiselwa ku-50% kuphela, imosha amandla amaningi angaba khona.
Izimo Zezinga lokushisa
Ezimweni zokushisa eziphansi, ukusebenza kwebhethri le-lead-acid kwehla kakhulu, futhi ukulahleka kwamandla kungafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-50%; kuyilapho ibhethri ye-LiFePO4 isengakwazi ukugcina amandla angaphezu kuka-80% nokukhishwa kwamandla kagesi ku--10°C, futhi izinga lokushisa elincane elivumelekile elivumelekile lingafinyelela ku--20°C, elizinze kakhulu ebusika noma endaweni ebandayo yenkundla yezemidlalo yasekuseni.
Amandla Wokushaja Ngokushesha
Ibhethri ye-LiFePO4 isekela izinga eliphezulu lokushaja (kufika ku-0.5C noma ngisho no-1C), elenza libe mfushane kakhulu isikhathi sokulinda sokushaja futhi lithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwemoto. Ngokuphambene, izinga lokushaja elinconyiwe lamabhethri e-lead-acid ngu-0.1C–0.2C kuphela, futhi ngokuvamile kuthatha amahora angu-6–8 ukushajwa ngokugcwele, okunzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza kwemvamisa ephezulu.
Izindleko Nenani Eliphelele
Nakuba ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kwamabhethri e-LiFePO4 kuphakeme ngo-30-50% kunaleyo yamabhethri e-lead-acid, ngenxa yokuphila kwayo okuhle kakhulu nezici zokunakekelwa okuphansi, izindleko zenetha zingagcinwa zifana noma ziphansi ngisho naphakathi kweminyaka emi-5. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-LiFePO4 inciphisa imvamisa yokushintsha kanye namahora okulungisa, futhi izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi (TCO) ezilethwe yilo zinokuncintisana kakhulu kunalezo zamabhethri e-lead-acid.
Isiphetho
Kusukela ekuphepheni, impilo yomjikelezo, ukuminyana kwamandla, ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa ukuya ekushajweni okusheshayo, amabhethri e-LiFePO4 abonise izinzuzo eziphelele ekufakweni kwenqola yegalofu. Ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe nokukhiqizwa kwezinga elikhulu, izindleko zamabhethri e-LiFePO4 zizoqhubeka nokwehla. Ngokuzayo, kulindeleke ukuthi kube umthombo wamandla ojwayelekile wezinqola zegalofu zikagesi ngisho nenkundla ebanzi ye-LSV (imoto enesivinini esiphansi), okusiza ukusebenza kwenkundla yegalofu ukuthi isebenze kahle, ibe luhlaza futhi isimeme.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-08-2025
